The purpose of the present report is to analyse the significance of the insulin response and the insulinogenic index to oral glucose loads in normal and diabetic subjects.
In this study, plasma insulin was determined by means of radioimmunoassay and insulinogenic index: was obtained by dividing plasma insulin enhancement above fasting value by corresponding net increase of blood glucose in 116 patients. The one hundred-sixteen patients included 13 nonobese and 7 obese normal subjects, 36 nonobese and 18 obese moderate diabetic patients and 42 severe diabetic patients.
The results were as follows;
1) The plasma insulin level in 13 nonobese normal subjects were 14. 02.8, 44.97.5, 37.9 5. 1, 34.75. 1 and 24.83.2,uU/m1(Mean_S.E.) at fasting state and at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after oral glucose loads with a peak value at 30 min.,
2) In 7 obese normal subjects, the plasma insulin concentration were 32.7 8.6, 81.815.4, 74.8 L-15. 0, 53.012.7 and 46. 310. 8,uU/ml which were greater responses than nonobese ones.
3) In 36 nonobese moderate diabetic patients, the plasma insulin level were 19.8:2.2, 39.5 2. 6, 42.93. 3, 39.84.2 and 29. 84. OpU/ml. There were little significance compared to nonobese normal control but slightly delayed response was demonstrated.
4) The plasma insulin concentration in 18 obese moderate diabetics were 22.3-´-2.8, 73.2-11.0, 94.8==14.7, 60.58. 6 and 50.85.8,uU/ml with greater than that of nonobese moderate diabetics.
5) In 42 severe diabetic subjects, plasma insulin level were 6.81. 0, 12.2--1. 1, 15.51. 4, 14.9 1.8´and 11.50.2,uU/ml with significantly reduced response.
6) The insuinogenic index at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after glucose loads were 0.650. 11, 0. 67 0. 17, 0.930.20 and 1. 270. 20 in nonobese normal subjects, 0. 220.03, 0. 230.03, 0.21 0. 03 and 0.37zL0. 09 in nonobese moderate diabetics, and 0.050. 01, 0. 080.01, 0.060. 01 and 0.06_-x-0.01 in severe diabetics. There were significant differences between each groups of patients on the magnitude of insulinenic index regardless of body weight especially at 90 min.
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